In this work the high content of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids in the leaves prompted the authors to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the leaves. The irritant activity was visualized in mouse ear after 24 h of the application of the fractions and isolated compounds [69]. It is a vegetal species widely known as “bellyache bush” and is a multipurpose medicinal plant largely used in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases [3, 5, 6]. Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae), widely known as "bellyache bush," is a medicinal plant largely used throughout Africa and America. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. Despite the grand variety of popular uses and the data from Jatropha species, J. gossypiifolia has been scarcely studied regarding biological activities (Table 4). In the histopathological evaluation some alteration was observed in liver and lung only at 5.0 g/kg, suggesting the relatively low toxicity of the extract [18]. [132] showed that the ethanol extract of J. gossypiifolia in association with the ethanol extract of Melia azedarach was toxic and inhibited some enzymes from Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, demonstrating once more the potentiality of the species as insecticide agent. The anti-inflammatory activity of the bark from J. gossypiifolia (methanol and petrol ether extracts) was also demonstrated in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats [115]. Additionally, Vale et al. It is widely distributed in countries of tropical, subtropical, and dry tropical weather and tropical semiarid regions of Africa and the Americas [7]. Although poisonous, the plant is often used in traditional medicine, being harvested from the wild for local use. 1006 1753. Jatropha gossypiifolia . Comments have to be approved before they are shown here. Regarding its phytochemical constitution, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, lignoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids were already detected in different extracts from different parts of this plant [15]. Pl. Although it may seem contradictory as shown in Table 3, J. gossypiifolia species is popularly used both as purgative and as antidiarrheal remedy. B. Panda, K. Gaur, M. L. Kori et al., “Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of, S. S. Ningthoujam, A. D. Talukdar, K. S. Potsangbam, and M. D. Choudhury, “Traditional uses of herbal vapour therapy in Manipur, North East India: an ethnobotanical survey,”, A. Asase, A. Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae), widely known as “bellyache bush,” is a medicinal plant largely used throughout Africa and America for treatment of inflammatory analgesic antidiarrheal diseases. Studies showing the biological potential of aqueous extract are rare so far, which is important to be mentioned since the most popular use of this plant is as a tea (decoction or infusion). How Jatropha Gossypiifolia is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. In addition, up till now it is not clear which are the major bioactive compounds in the plant, since only a few studies were conducted by bioassay-guided isolation. At 200 and 400 mg/kg oral doses in mice, the methanol extract of J. gossypiifolia leaves produced highly significant antidiarrheal activity upon castor oil-induced diarrhea, decreasing the mean number of stool and total weight of fecal output when compared to control group [111]. The medicinal value and pharmacological and/or biotechnological potential of this species are also discussed in this paper. The use of J. gossypiifolia, especially the latex, is widespread as a hemostatic agent for preventing bleeding disorders. Bellyache bush Synonyms. The histopathological analysis revealed hepatotoxicity and pulmonary damages. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, there are no phytochemical studies regarding the use of water as solvent for the extraction of J. gossypiifolia constituents. Among them, the ethyl acetate extract was the most active, which correlates positively with its higher content of phenolic compounds in comparison with the other extracts [48]. The present review provides insights for future research aiming for both ethnopharmacological validation of its popular use and its exploration as a new source of herbal drugs and/or bioactive natural products. with help from In fact, the petrol ether, methanol, and water extracts from the aerial parts of J. gossypiifolia presented significant hepatoprotective action in this model, substantially restoring towards normalization the serum levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, superoxide dismutase, and catalase [126]. Various chemical constituents have been detected in extracts from different parts of J. gossypiifolia, the literature having reported, in general, the presence of fatty acids, sugars, alkaloids, amino acids, coumarins, steroids, flavonoids, lignans, proteins, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, as can be seen in Table 1. Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae), widely known as “bellyache bush,” is a medicinal plant largely used throughout Africa and America. Since ages, jatropha leaves have been used for curing the gassy stomach. An important feature of J. gossypiifolia species is that, due to its important potential medicinal applications, in Brazil, it is included in the National List of Medicinal Plants of Interest to the Brazilian Public Health System (Relação Nacional de Plantas Medicinais de Interesse ao Sistema Único de Saúde Brasileiro—RENISUS), which is a report published by the Brazilian Health Ministry in February 2009 that includes 71 species of medicinal plants that have the potential to generate pharmaceutical products of interest to public health of Brazil [14]. Shafiq, N. Ahmad, S. Ullah, and M. A. Raza, “Antioxidant activities of the selected plants from the family Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Malvaceae and Balsaminaceae,”, V. Bullangpoti, N. Khumrungsee, W. Pluempanupat, Y. Kainoh, and U. Saguanpong, “Toxicity of ethyl acetate extract and ricinine from, N. Nwokocha, A. The lethality was 46.6% and 13.3% among males and females under the higher tested dose (405 mg/kg), respectively [17]. Several human and veterinary uses in traditional medicine are described for different parts and preparations based on this plant. A plausible hypothesis, not raised by the authors, could be the fact that the extract was administered in a single dose, which may not have been sufficient to maintain the effect throughout the time of the experiment. Van Den Berg, J. J. Kettenes-Van Den Bosch, B. R. Leeflang, and R. P. Labadie, “Cyclogossine A: a novel cyclic heptapeptide isolated from the latex of, M. U. Ahmad, M. R. Islam, A. H. Mirza, B. H. Chowdhury, and N. Nahar, “Alkaloids of, A. Falodun, U. Kragl, S.-M. T. Touem, A. Villinger, T. Fahrenwaldt, and P. Langer, “A novel anticancer diterpenoid from, G. D. Wadankar, S. N. Malode, and S. L. Sarambekar, “Traditionally used medicinal plants for ound healing in the Washim district, Maharashtra (India),”, B. Kumar, M. Vijayakumar, R. Govindarajan, and P. Pushpangadan, “Ethnopharmacological approaches to wound healing-Exploring medicinal plants of India,”, K. Koudouvo, D. S. Karou, K. Kokou et al., “An ethnobotanical study of antimalarial plants in Togo Maritime Region,”, M. Coelho-Ferreira, “Medicinal knowledge and plant utilization in an Amazonian coastal community of Marudá, Pará State (Brazil),”, F. C. S. Oliveira, R. F. M. Barros, and J. M. Moita Neto, “Plantas medicinais utilizadas em comunidades rurais de Oeiras, semiárido piauiense,”, J. D. F. L. Santos, E. Pagani, J. Ramos, and E. Rodrigues, “Observations on the therapeutic practices of riverine communities of the Unini River, AM, Brazil,”, S. L. Cartaxo, M. M. de Almeida Souza, and U. P. de Albuquerque, “Medicinal plants with bioprospecting potential used in semi-arid northeastern Brazil,”, O. Jansen, L. Angenot, M. Tits et al., “Evaluation of 13 selected medicinal plants from Burkina Faso for their antiplasmodial properties,”, M. H. Yetein, L. G. Houessou, T. O. Lougbégnon, O. Teka, and B. Tente, “Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria in plateau of Allada, Benin (West Africa),”, L. J. Quintans Junior, J. R. G. S. Almeida, J. T. Lima et al., “Plants with anticonvulsivant properties—a review,”, A. Diallo, M. S. Traore, S. M. Keita et al., “Management of diabetes in Guinean traditional medicine: an ethnobotanical investigation in the coastal lowlands,”, S. O. Olabanji, A. C. Adebajo, O. R. Omobuwajo et al., “PIXE analysis of some Nigerian anti-diabetic medicinal plants (II),”, T. Oduola, O. G. Avwioro, and T. B. Ayanniyi, “Suitability of the leaf extract of, C. M. Chariandy, C. E. Seaforth, R. H. Phelps, G. V. Pollard, and B. P. S. Khambay, “Screening of medicinal plants from Trinidad and Tobago for antimicrobial and insecticidal properties,”, V. P. Kumar, N. S. Chauhan, H. Padh, and M. Rajani, “Search for antibacterial and antifungal agents from selected Indian medicinal plants,”, R. Dabur, A. Gupta, T. K. Mandal et al., “Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants,”, H. C. Ong and M. Nordiana, “Malay ethno-medico botany in Machang, Kelantan, Malaysia,”, J. Sanz-Biset, J. Campos-de-la-Cruz, M. A. Epiquién-Rivera, and S. Cañigueral, “A first survey on the medicinal plants of the Chazuta valley (Peruvian Amazon),”, B. The authors also thank Andrew Alastair Cumming for editing this paper for the English revision. The naturally occurring phytocidal chemical components of some Thai plant-species are responsible for controlling and repelling insects from the host plants. [134] showed that the methanol and n-butanol extracts from unripened seeds of J. gossypiifolia was toxic against eggs and adults of two species of freshwater snails, Lymnaea luteola and Indoplanorbis exustus. J. gossypiifolia is popularly known as ‘peão roxo’ and belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family (Abreu et al., Reference Abreu, Marinho, Paes, Freire, Olea, Borges and Borges 2003). SUMMARY 2.1 Main risks and target organs Dehydration and cardiovascular collapse as a result of haemorrhagic gastro-enteritis. [15], the main compounds isolated from Jatropha genus are the terpenoids. At 100 and 200 mg/kg/day, during 7 days, by oral route, only the methanol extract presented significant analgesic activity in Eddy’s hot plate and tail-flick models and anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema [92]. The latex is released from the aerial parts of the plant by mechanical injury and it is extremely caustic and irritating to skin and mucous membranes. Among the main genera belonging to this family, there is Jatropha L., which belongs to the subfamily Crotonoideae, Jatropheae tribe and is represented by about 200 species. Some properties related to J. gossypiifolia are also common to other species of the Jatropha genus [3, 9, 25], where human and veterinary uses are described. The three lobed leaves are purple and sticky when young and beco… Similar results were observed in the methanolic extract from fruits [110]. Different parts of this plant, such as leaves, stems, roots, seeds, and latex, are used in different forms of preparation (infusion, decoction, and maceration, among others), by different routes and forms (oral, topical, baths, etc.). A. Oteng-Yeboah, G. T. Odamtten, and M. S. J. Simmonds, “Ethnobotanical study of some Ghanaian anti-malarial plants,”, C. Lans, T. Harper, K. Georges, and E. Bridgewater, “Medicinal and ethnoveterinary remedies of hunters in Trinidad,”, L. Rasingam, S. Jeeva, and D. Kannan, “Dental care of Andaman and Nicobar folks: medicinal plants use as tooth stick,”, P. J. Houghton and I. M. Osibogun, “Flowering plants used against snakebite,”, M. Molander, C. H. Saslis-Lagoudakis, A. K. Jäger, and N. Rønsted, “Cross-cultural comparison of medicinal floras used against snakebites,”, A. Jain, S. S. Katewa, B. L. Chaudhary, and P. Galav, “Folk herbal medicines used in birth control and sexual diseases by tribals of southern Rajasthan, India,”, A. Jain, S. S. Katewa, P. K. Galav, and P. Sharma, “Medicinal plant diversity of Sitamata wildlife sanctuary, Rajasthan, India,”, T. Oduola, G. O. Adeosun, T. A. Oduola, G. O. Avwioro, and M. A. Oyeniyi, “Mechanism of action of Jatropha gossypifolia stem latex as a haemostatic agent,”, D. Garcia, M. V. Domingues, and E. Rodrigues, “Ethnopharmacological survey among migrants living in the Southeast Atlantic Forest of Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil,”, S. S. Hebbar, V. H. Harsha, V. Shripathi, and G. R. Hegde, “Ethnomedicine of Dharwad district in Karnataka, India—plants used in oral health care,”, S. B. Kosalge and R. A. Fursule, “Investigation of ethnomedicinal claims of some plants used by tribals of Satpuda Hills in India,”, R. A. Ritter, M. V. B. Monteiro, F. O.
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